Glioblastoma multiforme is among the most frequent and lethal brain tumors. Despite the responsiveness to therapies that are advanced, tumors almost become immune and recur. Researchers at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center, headed by Damian A. Almiron Bonnin, MD-Ph. D. candidate of this Mark Israel laboratory, are devising strategies to reduce brain tumors from becoming immune to anti-tumor drug treatment.
"During this research, we have identified a pathway that mediates the resistance of the most aggressive brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, to targeted anti inflammatory drugs," says Almiron Bonnin. "Significantly, there are drugs currently available that can block this pathway to immunity."
The research finds that insulin signaling functions as a "tumor-growth signal" in brain cancer cells which have been treated with a targeted anti-tumor treatment, thus allowing the tumor to grow despite continued treatment. Resistance is prevented by blockage of insulin. This strategy prolong the survival of individuals with this kind of tumor and finally may increase the potency of targeted therapies in brain tumors. The team's job: Insulin-Mediated Signaling Facilitates Resistance to PDGFR Inhibition at Proneural hPDGFB-Driven Gliomas was recently featured on the cover and published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.
"The tumors we're studying are the most common and competitive non-metastatic brain tumors in adults and kids. At this time, there's absolutely notherapeutic therapy to deal with this type of cancer," says Almiron Bonnin. "Hence, brain tumors are responsible for 25 percent of all cancer-related deaths in children and young adults. They develop chemotherapeutic immunity, so present treatments are ineffective. In our laboratory, we are attempting to comprehend what mediates drug resistance at a level, so we can invent treatments. We identified a vital part of the pathway that leaves this resistance, and suggested a new approach to address it."
Almiron Bonnin's analysis will lead to a better understanding of cancer mechanisms (drug resistance) that will hopefully translate into improved clinical treatments for the treatment of high blood gliomas. Looking ahead, the research team is starting to create possibly more effective and new methods utilizing targeted therapy for high-grade brain tumors according to their comprehension of the mechanism by which microbes develop resistance.
About Norris Cotton Cancer Center in Dartmouth-Hitchcock
Norris Cotton Cancer Center combines advanced cancer study at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine using patient-centered cancer treatment provided at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, New Hampshire, in Dartmouth-Hitchcock regional locations in Manchester, Nashua and Keene, New Hampshire, and St. Johnsbury, Vermont, and at partner hospitals throughout New Hampshire and Vermont. It is one of 49 centers nationally to make the National Cancer Institute's "Comprehensive Cancer Center" designation. Learn more about Norris Cotton Cancer Center research, applications and clinical trials on the internet at cancer.dartmouth.edu.
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